Abstract: Spectrum sensing is a key component of cognitive radio technology. Cognitive users employ smart dynamic access schemes to detect and use spectrum holes without causing any harmful interference to primary users, due to which the frequency band assignment is not handed over from secondary users to primary users, and thus, primary users might not be able to access and use the radio network. There are various techniques which used for Spectrum sensing of cognitive radio such as energy detection, matched filter detection, cyclostationary detection, feature based detection etc. Here I have discussed about the energy detection technique. And I derived simulation result for the same with the help of software tool MATLAB. Energy Detection technique is simple and it has low complexity and its computational is easy. It requires the knowledge about the noise level of the signal. By defining the threshold we define the hypothesis, and by this we conclude that which result is taken and we made a decision from that. Simulation results are based on the probability of detection and probability of false alarm Threshold, Signal to Noise Ration and probability of Miss Detection as Well. It shows the result of theoretical as well as analytical for basic energy detection method and various results are shown by taking different references.

Keywords: Cognitive Radio, Spectrum Sensing, Energy Detection, Probability of false alarm, Probability of Detection.